ECCouncil 212-89 (EC-Council Certified Incident Handler) Practice Test 67

Question 660

During lessons learned, the security owner reviews this completed incident: A wireless security survey detects an access point advertising the approved SSID from a location outside the building. Which repeatable safeguard best prevents this failure mode in the future?

  1. Compare BSSID, hardware inventory and measured signal location
  2. Remove confirmed unauthorized equipment and review any associated clients
  3. Maintain wireless intrusion detection and approved AP inventories
  4. Enforce validated enterprise WLAN certificates and managed network profiles

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Continuous comparison detects new unauthorized radios; the assurance measure is designed around whether the radio is authorized infrastructure, rather than hiding the reported activity.

Incorrect Answers

A:

SSID names are not proof of asset ownership; the case needs recurrence prevention addressing whether the radio is authorized infrastructure; an investigation is not recurrence prevention.

B:

A rogue device may have captured traffic or credentials; when judging whether the radio is authorized infrastructure, case recovery is not future-risk control; this is instead trusted restoration.

D:

Client authentication helps prevent evil-twin connections; this serves whether an evil twin access point is impersonating the SSID, whereas the requested result is recurrence prevention involving whether the radio is authorized infrastructure.

Question 661

A triage analyst needs to test a report involving these details: A DNS resolver runs out of worker capacity under a burst of expensive recursive requests. Which evidence collection or correlation is most relevant to this claim?

  1. Do not expose unrestricted recursion and monitor resolver capacity
  2. Restrict recursion to approved clients and apply query-rate controls
  3. Correlate endpoint latency, query cost, authenticated caller and request frequency
  4. Correlate recursion queue, response latency and requester distribution

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Large recursion work can degrade DNS even if interface bandwidth is not full; for this investigation, the relevant uncertainty is whether resolver resource exhaustion is the outage cause, so independent confirmation matters.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Baseline protections reduce abuse as an amplifier or target; the goal is evidence validation for whether resolver resource exhaustion is the outage cause. Prevention is not incident verification.

B:

Narrowing who can request expensive recursion reduces immediate demand; immediate protection does not substantiate findings in the decision about whether resolver resource exhaustion is the outage cause.

C:

Low-volume requests can exhaust CPU or database resources without a volumetric flood; it is meant to address whether application-layer resource exhaustion is responsible, not evidence validation for whether resolver resource exhaustion is the outage cause.

Question 662

To avoid broad unnecessary disruption, responders consider this finding: An IDS flags SQL injection signatures in encrypted traffic but the only visible artifact is TLS metadata. Which operational control should take effect first?

  1. Request authorized application-layer logs before taking destructive action
  2. Check sensor decryption capabilities and available HTTP transaction logs
  3. Block the specific unauthorized upload destination or path at the appropriate proxy
  4. Correlate requests and application errors to determine real impact

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Additional evidence validates the claimed payload and its effect; the protective decision should be recorded and its effect tested against whether the alert was based on decrypted application content.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Encrypted packets alone do not reveal plaintext request parameters to a passive sensor; investigation alone does not control current conditions in the decision about whether the alert was based on decrypted application content.

C:

Fine-grained filtering avoids disrupting the entire CDN; the activity targets whether trusted hosting masks unauthorized upload; initial containment or preservation here concerns whether the alert was based on decrypted application content.

D:

A detection signature should be tied to backend behavior; when judging whether the alert was based on decrypted application content, corrective follow-through follows initial protection; this is instead post-containment assessment.

Question 663

The team wants a measurable hardening change following this situation: An attacker spoofs a victim address in UDP queries to exposed reflection services, causing amplified replies to the victim. What improvement best addresses the root weakness in a future incident?

  1. Inspect reply traffic patterns, protocol types and reflection source distribution
  2. Contract upstream DDoS response and exercise traffic diversion
  3. Restore routing and investigate exposed reflection services in the environment
  4. Harden UDP services against reflection and use source-address anti-spoofing

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Ingress and egress validation reduce spoofed-packet abuse; it makes the lesson about whether amplification rather than direct requests caused the flood part of normal operations.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Many replies from unrelated servers toward one victim suggest reflection abuse; the requirement concerns whether amplification rather than direct requests caused the flood, so an investigation is not recurrence prevention.

B:

Preparation matters when local controls cannot see all attack packets; the relevant condition for that step is where traffic must be filtered to restore availability, which is not shown for whether amplification rather than direct requests caused the flood.

C:

Reducing local amplifiers helps prevent participation in future attacks; case recovery is not future-risk control in the decision about whether amplification rather than direct requests caused the flood.

Question 664

Cleanup is not considered complete. The case record describes: Traffic engineers see rising HTTP 429 responses after enabling emergency rate limiting on a public service. Which remediation task is necessary rather than merely suppressing the visible symptom?

  1. Baseline client demand and test throttling before incidents
  2. Correlate 429 rates, client identity and completed legitimate transactions
  3. Optimize expensive queries and confirm capacity after controls apply
  4. Refine rate limits with authenticated-user and path context
  5. Test legitimate workflows and adjust burst handling after the attack

Explanation

Correct Answer

E:

Recovery must validate end-user functionality as well as traffic volume; technical closure should demonstrate that the control gap behind whether mitigation is blocking legitimate clients is actually corrected.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Well-calibrated controls reduce collateral denial of service; the requirement concerns whether mitigation is blocking legitimate clients, so future hardening is not current-state recovery.

B:

Excessive throttling can become a self-inflicted availability issue; the goal is trusted restoration for whether mitigation is blocking legitimate clients. Verification is not the corrective step.

C:

A sustainable fix addresses resource amplification; this serves whether application-layer resource exhaustion is responsible, whereas the requested result is trusted restoration involving whether mitigation is blocking legitimate clients.

D:

Targeted thresholds protect service capacity without unfairly blocking users; the case needs trusted restoration addressing whether mitigation is blocking legitimate clients; temporary protection does not complete correction.

Question 665

A containment decision is required for this incident: A service remains unavailable after malicious traffic stops because a gateway's session table is still exhausted. What action constrains the incident at the affected point of control?

  1. Expire abusive state entries through approved controls without dropping all production sessions
  2. Verify normal new connections and tune session timeouts appropriately
  3. Refine rate limits with authenticated-user and path context
  4. Measure current session-table usage and compare with live traffic volume

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Selective cleanup can recover capacity while limiting disruption; the immediate response addresses whether stale state prevents recovery while the team preserves relevant case records.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Restoration depends on state resources, not just stopping packets; the case needs initial containment or preservation addressing whether stale state prevents recovery; corrective follow-through follows initial protection.

C:

Targeted thresholds protect service capacity without unfairly blocking users; that method could help with whether mitigation is blocking legitimate clients; the initial containment or preservation decision here involves whether stale state prevents recovery.

D:

Residual device state can sustain an outage after the attack source subsides; for whether stale state prevents recovery, investigation alone does not control current conditions; initial containment or preservation remains necessary.

Question 666

While full remediation remains pending, the commander receives this incident report: A research lab's network is used to run unauthorized cryptomining over an allowed outbound port. Which first protective measure directly limits the situation without assuming cleanup is finished?

  1. Stop unauthorized outbound SMTP from the host and isolate it
  2. Correlate flow destinations, host processes and workload approvals
  3. Remove mining software and inspect for credential theft or persistence
  4. Terminate unauthorized mining communications and notify system ownership
  5. Use egress controls and workload accounting alerts on shared compute systems

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Stopping abuse reduces resource and reputation impact; the protective decision should be recorded and its effect tested against whether resource consumption is policy abuse or sanctioned computation.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Network containment protects domain reputation and limits distribution; that method could help with whether host misuse is causing outbound abuse; the initial containment or preservation decision here involves whether resource consumption is policy abuse or sanctioned computation.

B:

Port number alone cannot establish whether compute activity is legitimate; when judging whether resource consumption is policy abuse or sanctioned computation, investigation alone does not control current conditions; this is instead evidence validation.

C:

Unexpected mining may be a symptom of broader compromise; for whether resource consumption is policy abuse or sanctioned computation, corrective follow-through follows initial protection; initial containment or preservation remains necessary.

E:

Visibility reduces hidden misuse; the goal is initial containment or preservation for whether resource consumption is policy abuse or sanctioned computation. Prevention cannot replace immediate action.

Question 667

Post-containment analysis identified this issue for correction: Employees report a wireless network with the company name but a different certificate prompt near reception. Which remediation is supported by the observed root-cause conditions?

  1. Warn users and coordinate wireless containment under authorized procedures
  2. Locate and remove the rogue device and assess exposed credentials
  3. Remove confirmed unauthorized equipment and review any associated clients
  4. Enforce validated enterprise WLAN certificates and managed network profiles

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

A spoofed WLAN can lead to stolen authentication data; the change should be tested before unrestricted operations resume for the event involving whether an evil twin access point is impersonating the SSID.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Avoid indiscriminate jamming while protecting clients from the fake network; for whether an evil twin access point is impersonating the SSID, temporary protection does not complete correction; trusted restoration remains necessary.

C:

A rogue device may have captured traffic or credentials; the other incident centers on whether the radio is authorized infrastructure, not this trusted restoration question about whether an evil twin access point is impersonating the SSID.

D:

Client authentication helps prevent evil-twin connections; future hardening is not current-state recovery in the decision about whether an evil twin access point is impersonating the SSID.

Question 668

Before granting routine access again, the team reviews this case: Incident handlers lack an approved method to isolate network devices that manage safety-critical building controls. What must the response owner validate as part of safe recovery?

  1. Update containment diagrams and perform an end-to-end blocking test
  2. Coordinate with facilities before applying a narrow containment ACL
  3. Validate alternate management access and normal control flows before restoration
  4. Document and rehearse isolation tiers for critical infrastructure networks

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Recovery must verify the safety system remains functional; the recovery decision is tied to whether segmentation plans protect critical operational dependencies, not merely to reduced alert volume.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A verified rule should take effect where intended; it is meant to address whether emergency network enforcement points are current, not trusted restoration for whether segmentation plans protect critical operational dependencies.

B:

Risk-aware enforcement protects essential operation while limiting attacker reach; for whether segmentation plans protect critical operational dependencies, temporary protection does not complete correction; trusted restoration remains necessary.

D:

Preplanned boundaries reduce dangerous improvisation; the goal is trusted restoration for whether segmentation plans protect critical operational dependencies. Future hardening is not current-state recovery.

Question 669

Forensic review begins with this reported event: A firewall rule permits inbound management traffic from any internet address after an emergency deployment. Which evidence-based task answers the primary uncertainty?

  1. Restrict management access to approved jump hosts or private networks
  2. Correlate SSH process arguments with firewall flows and local listening ports
  3. Revert the excessive rule and review administrative sessions during exposure
  4. Require peer-reviewed policy-as-code checks for management ingress
  5. Review rule hit logs, deployment diff and management-plane listening interfaces

Explanation

Correct Answer

E:

A broad source range can expose administrative services beyond intended operators; that evidence directly tests the concern about which configuration allowed unauthorized administrative reachability, rather than relying on a single unverified indicator.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Source constraints reduce internet attack surface immediately; for which configuration allowed unauthorized administrative reachability, immediate protection does not substantiate findings; evidence validation remains necessary.

B:

A reverse tunnel can expose internal services through an outbound connection; the other incident centers on whether outbound encrypted traffic enables inbound control, not this evidence validation question about which configuration allowed unauthorized administrative reachability.

C:

Recovery checks whether anyone exploited the open access path; the goal is evidence validation for which configuration allowed unauthorized administrative reachability. Recovery is not factual verification.

D:

Preventive validation catches broad administrator access rules; prevention is not incident verification in the decision about which configuration allowed unauthorized administrative reachability.

Question 670

The coordinator needs corrective action rather than another alert. The event was: A user operates an unapproved remote desktop relay over HTTPS, bypassing the organization's remote access gateway. Which follow-through step verifies the weakness was removed?

  1. Revoke the relay's access and restrict unauthorized remote-control clients
  2. Remove the tunnel client and review affected access and policy violations
  3. Inspect proxy destinations, executable signatures and active remote sessions
  4. Use application-aware proxy policies and allowlisted remote support tools
  5. Remove rogue client persistence and review accessed resources and credentials

Explanation

Correct Answer

E:

Cleanup must account for what remote operators may have done; the affected workflow should not be considered trusted until the issue of whether tunneled remote administration violates access policy is resolved.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Containment restores the sanctioned management boundary; when judging whether tunneled remote administration violates access policy, temporary protection does not complete correction; this is instead initial containment or preservation.

B:

Response should determine whether sensitive data crossed the alternate channel; the relevant condition for that step is whether unsanctioned tunneling bypasses inspection, which is not shown for whether tunneled remote administration violates access policy.

C:

Ordinary TLS does not imply the session followed approved remote management controls; the requirement concerns whether tunneled remote administration violates access policy, so verification is not the corrective step.

D:

Approved remote paths provide audit and access controls; the goal is trusted restoration for whether tunneled remote administration violates access policy. Future hardening is not current-state recovery.

EC-Council Certified Incident Handler (212-89) Practice Tests