ECCouncil 212-89 (EC-Council Certified Incident Handler) Practice Test 77

Question 760

The team has retained the initial evidence and is assessing recovery from: Developers suppress security headers globally to resolve a single embedded-widget compatibility issue. What restoration task closes the identified integrity or control gap?

  1. Restore protective defaults and permit only reviewed widget origins
  2. Review browser security policy exceptions and test each release
  3. Refactor the integration and validate required behavior under safe headers
  4. Inspect CSP, iframe and mixed-content behavior on affected routes
  5. Move archives to restricted storage and rotate any exposed secrets

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Compatibility should not depend on removing every browser defense; this goes beyond temporary protection and addresses the failure identified through whether broad browser-policy relaxation created exposure.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A scoped rule limits unintended execution and framing; the goal is trusted restoration for whether broad browser-policy relaxation created exposure. Temporary protection does not complete correction.

B:

Narrow allowances reduce future abuse; future hardening is not current-state recovery in the decision about whether broad browser-policy relaxation created exposure.

D:

Removing all headers increases attack surface beyond the one integration; when judging whether broad browser-policy relaxation created exposure, verification is not the corrective step; this is instead evidence validation.

E:

Recovery must account for content already obtainable; this serves whether sensitive files are retrievable without authentication, whereas the requested result is trusted restoration involving whether broad browser-policy relaxation created exposure.

Question 761

The owner must verify the return to a trusted state for the following: A commerce site returns database syntax errors after crafted query parameters containing SQL metacharacters. What corrective work is needed before routine operations resume?

  1. Block the abusive request pattern while preserving application and database logs
  2. Use an allowlist of editable fields and restore legitimate roles
  3. Require secure query construction and automated injection testing
  4. Use parameterized queries and retest the vulnerable endpoint

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Bound parameters prevent user input from altering SQL command structure; technical closure should demonstrate that the control gap behind whether SQL injection reached an unsafe query path is actually corrected.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A targeted WAF rule limits exploitation while development remediates; the requirement concerns whether SQL injection reached an unsafe query path, so temporary protection does not complete correction.

B:

Server-owned privilege attributes need independent authorization; the relevant condition for that step is whether mass assignment permits privilege escalation, which is not shown for whether SQL injection reached an unsafe query path.

C:

Preventive development controls reduce recurrence; future hardening is not current-state recovery in the decision about whether SQL injection reached an unsafe query path.

Question 762

Service owners need a bounded short-term safeguard after observing: A password-reset endpoint reveals whether an email address has an account by returning different messages and timings. What immediate action addresses the active exposure and leaves evidence available?

  1. Apply risk-based rate limiting and protective account challenges
  2. Make reset flow responses uniform and review possible credential-stuffing follow-up
  3. Rate-limit repeated reset attempts and normalize observable responses
  4. Compare response bodies, status codes and timing for known and unknown accounts

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Containment restricts automated enumeration without blocking legitimate resets; the immediate response addresses whether account enumeration is exposed while the team preserves relevant case records.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Throttling reduces guessing without permanent denial to legitimate users; this serves whether online credential guessing is constrained, whereas the requested result is initial containment or preservation involving whether account enumeration is exposed.

B:

Defensive design closes the disclosure channel; for whether account enumeration is exposed, corrective follow-through follows initial protection; initial containment or preservation remains necessary.

D:

Consistent differences allow attackers to validate account existence; the goal is initial containment or preservation for whether account enumeration is exposed. Investigation alone does not control current conditions.

Question 763

An evidence-led review starts with the following report: A web upload endpoint accepts a script file that later executes inside the application's public directory. What investigation should establish the disputed activity and its timeline?

  1. Reproduce the access with separate authorized test accounts and object IDs
  2. Inspect upload paths, MIME validation and web-server execution mapping
  3. Allowlist file types, verify content and use non-executable object storage
  4. Block executable uploads and disable script execution in the upload area

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Stored uploads become executable when saved to a script-enabled location; it makes the determination of whether unrestricted upload permits remote execution defensible and reviewable by the incident owner.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Successful reads of another tenant's resource indicate missing object authorization; that method could help with whether broken object-level authorization permits cross-account access; the evidence validation decision here involves whether unrestricted upload permits remote execution.

C:

Layered upload validation reduces abuse; the requirement concerns whether unrestricted upload permits remote execution, so prevention is not incident verification.

D:

Containment prevents newly uploaded files from running; the goal is evidence validation for whether unrestricted upload permits remote execution. Immediate protection does not substantiate findings.

Question 764

A triage analyst needs to test a report involving these details: A support link includes a query parameter that redirects browsers to an untrusted external payment site. Which evidence collection or correlation is most relevant to this claim?

  1. Correlate application outbound requests with input URLs and metadata access logs
  2. Disable unvalidated external redirects or allowlist permitted destinations
  3. Test redirect parameters and enforce destination allowlists in development
  4. Trace the redirect chain and inspect the server's destination validation

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

An attacker-controlled URL parameter may send users beyond the trusted origin; it connects the question of whether an open redirect is being abused to an observable record and a reproducible check.

Incorrect Answers

A:

User-directed server fetches can reach addresses inaccessible to clients; the other incident centers on whether server-side request forgery reaches internal services, not this evidence validation question about whether an open redirect is being abused.

B:

Restricting the redirection path prevents further lure delivery; immediate protection does not substantiate findings in the decision about whether an open redirect is being abused.

C:

Input validation reduces phishing via trusted URLs; the case needs evidence validation addressing whether an open redirect is being abused; prevention is not incident verification.

Question 765

A post-incident audit examines the following failure mode: A customer support portal submits state-changing requests without an anti-CSRF control and browsers attach valid session cookies. What recurring check or restriction would best address the weakness?

  1. Implement server-verified CSRF tokens and review unauthorized changes
  2. Use secure session lifecycle tests in release pipelines
  3. Inspect request origin validation, CSRF tokens and cookie SameSite attributes
  4. Use anti-CSRF middleware and secure cookie settings as complementary defenses

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Standardized controls reduce browser-driven request forgery; the assurance measure is designed around whether cross-site request forgery is possible, rather than hiding the reported activity.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Protection must be checked on the server for each sensitive action; for whether cross-site request forgery is possible, case recovery is not future-risk control; recurrence prevention remains necessary.

B:

Session management should not rely only on browser cookie deletion; that method could help with whether session invalidation is ineffective; the recurrence prevention decision here involves whether cross-site request forgery is possible.

C:

Cross-origin requests can exploit ambient authenticated browser state; the goal is recurrence prevention for whether cross-site request forgery is possible. An investigation is not recurrence prevention.

Question 766

Service owners need a bounded short-term safeguard after observing: An API returns another customer's invoice when the numeric object identifier is incremented while logged in. What immediate action addresses the active exposure and leaves evidence available?

  1. Disable the vulnerable endpoint or enforce emergency per-object checks
  2. Reproduce the access with separate authorized test accounts and object IDs
  3. Temporarily restrict high-risk state changes while adding origin checks
  4. Test horizontal privilege boundaries in API security reviews
  5. Implement server-side object authorization and assess accessed invoices

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Immediate access control stops further cross-account disclosure; the immediate response addresses whether broken object-level authorization permits cross-account access while the team preserves relevant case records.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Successful reads of another tenant's resource indicate missing object authorization; for whether broken object-level authorization permits cross-account access, investigation alone does not control current conditions; initial containment or preservation remains necessary.

C:

Focused mitigation limits unintended requests during remediation; it is meant to address whether cross-site request forgery is possible, not initial containment or preservation for whether broken object-level authorization permits cross-account access.

D:

Authorization must be checked for each requested object; the goal is initial containment or preservation for whether broken object-level authorization permits cross-account access. Prevention cannot replace immediate action.

E:

Recovery involves both code correction and exposure review; corrective follow-through follows initial protection in the decision about whether broken object-level authorization permits cross-account access.

Question 767

Cleanup is not considered complete. The case record describes: An XML processing endpoint unexpectedly reads a local server file after receiving an external entity declaration. Which remediation task is necessary rather than merely suppressing the visible symptom?

  1. Use hardened XML libraries and regression tests for entity inputs
  2. Disable external entity resolution and restrict the parsing endpoint
  3. Replace generic redirect handling with validated internal route mappings
  4. Replace parser settings with secure defaults and assess accessed files

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Recovery includes both flaw remediation and exposure review; it is the corrective action needed for whether XML external entities are enabled after the immediate hazard is controlled.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Safe parsing is stronger than ad hoc payload filtering; the requirement concerns whether XML external entities are enabled, so future hardening is not current-state recovery.

B:

Removing the parser feature stops additional data access; the goal is trusted restoration for whether XML external entities are enabled. Temporary protection does not complete correction.

C:

A secure implementation avoids arbitrary attacker destinations; it is meant to address whether an open redirect is being abused, not trusted restoration for whether XML external entities are enabled.

Question 768

The team has retained the initial evidence and is assessing recovery from: A search page accepts a shell metacharacter in an input and a server-side process unexpectedly launches. What restoration task closes the identified integrity or control gap?

  1. Remove shell construction, use safe APIs and rebuild compromised instances
  2. Prohibit untrusted command interpolation and test process-spawning endpoints
  3. Configure explicit trusted proxies and review affected privileged requests
  4. Restrict the vulnerable feature and isolate compromised application hosts

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Escaping alone is weaker than avoiding shell interpretation; the change should be tested before unrestricted operations resume for the event involving whether OS command injection is occurring.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Secure design removes the attack primitive; future hardening is not current-state recovery in the decision about whether OS command injection is occurring.

C:

Correct parsing requires known proxy topology and header stripping; this serves whether client IP spoofing defeats application access control, whereas the requested result is trusted restoration involving whether OS command injection is occurring.

D:

A web process that launches attacker commands requires host-level containment; when judging whether OS command injection is occurring, temporary protection does not complete correction; this is instead initial containment or preservation.

Question 769

Before destructive cleanup is authorized, the team faces this situation: A user can supply a URL causing the backend to fetch a cloud instance metadata endpoint. Which protective response should the coordinator authorize now?

  1. Constrain server egress and test URL-fetch functionality for SSRF
  2. Correlate application outbound requests with input URLs and metadata access logs
  3. Disable unvalidated external redirects or allowlist permitted destinations
  4. Use destination allowlists and safe URL resolution with metadata protections
  5. Block metadata and internal-address access from the vulnerable fetch component

Explanation

Correct Answer

E:

Egress restriction limits secret retrieval while the defect is repaired; the action limits the impact connected to whether server-side request forgery reaches internal services without assuming the underlying flaw is already gone.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Network boundaries reduce the consequences of parsing mistakes; for whether server-side request forgery reaches internal services, prevention cannot replace immediate action; initial containment or preservation remains necessary.

B:

User-directed server fetches can reach addresses inaccessible to clients; the requirement concerns whether server-side request forgery reaches internal services, so investigation alone does not control current conditions.

C:

Restricting the redirection path prevents further lure delivery; the other incident centers on whether an open redirect is being abused, not this initial containment or preservation question about whether server-side request forgery reaches internal services.

D:

Application fetch behavior should not permit arbitrary internal endpoints; corrective follow-through follows initial protection in the decision about whether server-side request forgery reaches internal services.

Question 770

The incident is resolved, but its root weakness still requires policy attention: A shopping-cart request changes the quantity after price calculation and the server trusts the client-supplied total. What durable process or monitoring change would make a repeat less likely?

  1. Recalculate price and discount server-side and reconcile impacted orders
  2. Test reverse-proxy trust boundaries in configuration reviews
  3. Compare backend order totals with server-side catalog price computations
  4. Test business workflows for parameter tampering, not only injection

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Logic abuse often survives syntactic input validation; its effectiveness can be exercised against the warning conditions associated with whether business logic trusts client-calculated pricing.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Authoritative server checks repair transactional integrity; case recovery is not future-risk control in the decision about whether business logic trusts client-calculated pricing.

B:

Header provenance matters to access-control decisions; it is meant to address whether client IP spoofing defeats application access control, not recurrence prevention for whether business logic trusts client-calculated pricing.

C:

Manipulated client fields can bypass intended purchase validation; when judging whether business logic trusts client-calculated pricing, an investigation is not recurrence prevention; this is instead evidence validation.

EC-Council Certified Incident Handler (212-89) Practice Tests