Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN separates route distribution from transport health. Overlay Management Protocol, or OMP, distributes reachability and policy information. Transport Locations, or TLOCs, identify the […]
Cisco Certifications
Cisco 300-415: SD-WAN Control Policy vs Data Policy
Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN centralizes policy, but not every policy changes the same part of the network. A centralized control policy changes routing information and topology […]
Cisco 300-415: Application-Aware Routing in Cisco SD-WAN
Traditional routing can choose a path that is reachable but poor for the application using it. A voice call can traverse a tunnel with high […]
Cisco 300-415: SD-WAN Segmentation and Route Leaking
Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN uses VPN identifiers to separate transport, management, and service-side routing. The word “VPN” can be confusing here because these are not simply […]
Cisco 300-415: QoS and Adaptive Shaping in Cisco SD-WAN
Quality of Service in Catalyst SD-WAN is not one feature. It is a set of mechanisms that classify traffic, mark it, place it into queues, […]
Cisco 350-701: Secure Access for Internet and Private Apps
Cisco Secure Access is a cloud-delivered Security Service Edge platform that protects access to internet, SaaS, and private resources from a common policy environment. The […]
Cisco 350-701: Troubleshooting TACACS+ and RADIUS AAA
AAA separates three questions that are often blurred together during troubleshooting: Authentication: Who are you? Authorization: What are you allowed to do? Accounting: What did […]
Cisco 350-701: Troubleshooting Cisco Secure Firewall VPNs
Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense can terminate both site-to-site and remote-access VPNs, but the two designs fail in different ways. A site-to-site VPN connects networks […]
Cisco 350-701: Cloud Shared Responsibility and CASB
Moving a workload to the cloud does not transfer every security responsibility to the provider. The cloud provider secures the infrastructure and managed service components […]
Cisco 350-701: DevSecOps Security for IaC, CI/CD, and Containers
DevSecOps is the practice of integrating security into the software delivery process instead of treating security as a final approval step before release. The current […]
Cisco 200-301: OSPFv2 vs OSPFv3 in Single-Area Networks
OSPFv2 and OSPFv3 use the same basic link-state idea: routers form adjacencies, advertise topology information, run the shortest-path calculation, and install the best routes. The […]
Cisco 200-301: Troubleshooting 802.1Q Trunks
An 802.1Q trunk can be “up” at the interface level and still fail to carry the VLAN that an application needs. That is why trunk […]
Cisco 200-301: CCNA v1.1 vs v2.0: What Changed?
Cisco has published the next major CCNA blueprint, but the current exam does not disappear immediately. The current 200-301 CCNA v1.1 exam remains available through […]
Cisco 200-301: Rapid PVST+ Root Election and Loop Protection
A switched Ethernet network needs redundancy, but redundant Layer 2 paths can create a loop that keeps flooded frames circulating indefinitely. Rapid Per-VLAN Spanning Tree […]
Cisco 200-301: DHCP Snooping, DAI, and RA Guard on Cisco Switches
A switched access network can be physically healthy and still be unsafe. A rogue DHCP server can hand out malicious gateway information. An attacker can […]